The nonradiative changeover premiums follow the system WNR = W (0) exp(-alphap), exactly where p is the amount of phonons matching the Strength gap. The nonradiative changeover charges of Er3+ show temperature dependence in keeping with the multiphonon rest idea. In Tm3+ the temperature dependence of nonradiative relaxation charges is https://juliow368tsp8.robhasawiki.com/user